It is all about MONey MONey MOney...for all the participants in this sad story.
We love you sweet Michael!!!
I'm so afraid you're right <!-- s --><!-- s -->
There's only one and one only who now can enlighten and convince me and that's Michael himself. I'm sorry Michael, I hope that my suspiciousness does not offend you. It's my way not to go crazy over this!
Obviously Harvey gets off in printing questionable stories about an 80 year old woman. <!-- s:roll: -->:roll:<!-- s:roll: --> I think he just has a fetish for the Jackson Family. <!-- s:roll: -->:roll:<!-- s:roll: -->
It is all about MONey MONey MOney...for all the participants in this sad story.
We love you sweet Michael!!!
I'm so afraid you're right <!-- s --><!-- s -->
There's only one and one only who now can enlighten and convince me and that's Michael himself. I'm sorry Michael, I hope that my suspiciousness does not offend you. It's my way not to go crazy over this!
MJ was Exploited all during his life
MJ is being Exploited by Media even in death
MJ was constantly Exploited by his Own Family while he was alive.
MJ is being Exploited by his own Family in death.
The sad truth is No one was going to let MJ "Retire". Not his family, and not the Music Business. The only way he could ever get any to rest was to die <!-- s:( -->:(<!-- s:( -->
I still believe the Bam will be played out in court...but not in criminal charges, but in financial/estate/will issues. Only my opinion...
Interesting possibility...
"For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places."
Katherine Jackson May Have Screwed Herself
Originally posted Jun 28th 2010 12:20 PM PDT by TMZ Staff
Katherine Jackson's quest for money may have just cost her dearly ... because TMZ has obtained legal papers from a South Korean newspaper that is going after everything she makes ... until she pays off a $13 million
debt.
Segye Times, a South Korean newspaper, filed papers with the Michael Jackson estate, informing the court it
got a judgment against Katherine in 1994 for $4 million. That's when the newspaper advanced Katherine, Joe
and Jermaine $5.5 million for a series of Jackson family concerts that never took place.
Segye claims with interest the judgment now exceeds $13 million, and it wants an order from the judge forcing the estate to pay Segye any money the estate might pay Katherine.
Now here's how Katherine screwed herself. By making all the deals she's been making -- for books, gala
events and such -- she's made it clear to the world her goal is to roll in dough and Segye has taken notice.
The DOTS in this article are about Chemical weapons.
The Article Publishing Date:
Jun 28th 2010 12:20 PM
6 - 2 - 8 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 2 - 2
2, 6, 8, 11, 222
6 + 2 + 8 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 = 24
2 + 4 = 6 - Represent imperfection, sin, Evil, according to the Bible. The number of the test, the work and the servitude. Number of the "man-animal"; still having his passions and unaware of his divinity. Considered a perfect number in mathematics and aslo because of it's associations with Jesus. Number of the indecision and the choice that is required. Sign of the mediation between the principle and its manifestation. http://www.ridingthebeast.com/numbers/nu6.php
KJMHSH
KJ - The Keio Journal of Medicine The Keio Journal of Medicine
The Journal is published by School of Medicine, Keio University (Japan) and is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of the fundamental knowledge of medical science in a form accessible to colleagues who share common interests. The content consists of the contributions made by the members and alumni of School of Medicine, Keio University, and by invitation of the Editorial Board. http://www.kjm.keio.ac.jp/page/about.html
Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway
he Sarin attack on the Tokyo subway, usually referred to in the Japanese media as the Subway Sarin Incident, was an act of domestic terrorism perpetrated by members of Aum Shinrikyo on March 20, 1995.
In five coordinated attacks, the perpetrators released sarin on several lines of the Tokyo Metro, killing thirteen people, severely injuring fifty and causing temporary vision problems for nearly a thousand others. The attack was directed against trains passing through Kasumigaseki and Nagatacho, home to the Japanese government. It was and remains the most serious attack to occur in Japan since the end of World War II. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarin_gas_attack_on_the_Tokyo_subway
Sarin
Sarin is a colorless, odorless liquid, which is used as a chemical weapon. It has been classified as a weapon of mass destruction in UN Resolution 687. Production and stockpiling of sarin was outlawed by the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993.
Its mechanism of action resembles that of some commonly used insecticides, such as malathion. In terms of biological activity, it resembles carbamate insecticides such as sevin and medicines pyridostigmine, neostigmine, and physostigmine. Like other nerve agents, sarin attacks the nervous system.
Specifically, sarin is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cholinesterase.[5] Sarin acts on cholinesterase by forming a covalent bond with the particular serine residue at the active site. Fluoride is the leaving group, and the resulting phosphoester is robust but biologically inactive.[6][7] With the enzyme inhibited, acetylcholine builds up in the synapse and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are, in effect, continually transmitted. Normally, the acetylcholinesterase breaks down the acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft in order to allow the effector muscle or organ to relax.
Sarin has a high volatility relative to similar nerve agents. Inhalation and absorption through the skin pose a great threat. Even vapor concentrations immediately penetrate the skin. People who absorb a non-lethal dose but do not receive immediate appropriate medical treatment may suffer permanent neurological damage.
Even at very low concentrations, sarin can be fatal. Death may follow in one minute after direct ingestion of a lethal dose if antidotes, typically atropine and pralidoxime, are not quickly administered. Atropine, an antagonist to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, is given to treat the physiological symptoms of poisoning. Since muscular response to acetylcholine is mediated through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, atropine does not counteract the muscular symptoms. Pralidoxime can regenerate cholinesterases if administered within approximately five hours. Sarin is estimated to be over 500 times more toxic than cyanide.
Initial symptoms following exposure to sarin are a runny nose, tightness in the chest and constriction of the pupils. Soon after, the victim has difficulty breathing and experiences nausea and drooling. As the victim continues to lose control of bodily functions, the victim vomits, defecates and urinates. This phase is followed by twitching and jerking. Ultimately, the victim becomes comatose and suffocates in a series of convulsive spasms. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarin
M -Mechanized Mechanized
1 : to make mechanical; especially : to make automatic or routine
2 a : to equip with machinery especially to replace human or animal labor b : to equip with armed and armored motor vehicles c : to provide with mechanical power
3 : to produce by or as if by machine http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mechanized
The mechanization of chemical weapons in modern warfare has made them Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). These weapons can be made into time bombs, dropped from aircraft or even unmanned drones
Weapon of Mass Destruction A weapon of mass destruction (WMD) is a weapon that can kill large numbers of humans (and other life forms) and/or cause great damage to man-made structures (e.g. buildings), natural structures (e.g. mountains), or the biosphere in general. The scope and application of the term has evolved and been disputed, often signifying more politically than technically. Coined in reference to aerial bombing with chemical explosives, it has come to distinguish large-scale weaponry of other technologies, such as chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear. This differentiates the term from more technical ones such as chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons (CBRN). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weapons_of_mass_destruction
H - Sulfur Mustard (blister warfare agent) Sulfur mustard
The sulfur mustards, of which mustard gas is a member, are a class of related cytotoxic, vesicant chemical warfare agents with the ability to form large blisters on exposed skin. Pure sulfur mustards are colorless, viscous liquids at room temperature. However, when used in impure form, such as warfare agents, they are usually yellow-brown in color and have an odor resembling mustard plants, garlic or horseradish, hence the name. Mustard agents can be deployed on the battlefield via spraying from aircraft, or more typically by means of air-dropped bombs or artillery shells.Mustard gas was first used effectively in World War I by the German army against British soldiers near Ypres in 1917 and later also against the French Second Army.
Since then, mustard gas has also been reportedly used in several wars, often where those it is used against cannot retaliate:
* United Kingdom against the Red Army in 1919
* Spain and France against Rif insurgents in Morocco in 1921–1927
* Italy in Libya in 1930
* Soviet Union in Xinjiang, China against Japan in 1934 and 1936–1937
* Italy against Abyssinia (now Ethiopia) from 1935 to 1940
* Poland against Germany in 1939 during an isolated incident, British product
* Germany against Poland and the Soviet Union in a few incidents during the Second World War
* Japan against China in 1937–1945
* Egypt against North Yemen in 1963–1967
* Iraq against Iran in 1983–1988
* Possibly Sudan against insurgents in the civil war, in 1995 and 1997
Physiological effects
Mustard gas has extremely powerful vesicant effects on its victims. Additionally, it is strongly mutagenic and carcinogenic, due to its alkylating properties. It is also lipophilic. Because people exposed to mustard gas rarely suffer immediate symptoms, and mustard-contaminated areas may appear completely normal, victims can unknowingly receive high dosages. However, within 24 hours of exposure to mustard agent, victims experience intense itching and skin irritation which gradually turns into large blisters filled with yellow fluid wherever the mustard agent contacted the skin. These are chemical burns and they are very debilitating. Mustard gas vapour easily penetrates clothing fabrics such as wool or cotton, so it is not only the exposed skin of victims which gets burned. If the victim's eyes were exposed then they become sore, starting with conjunctivitis, after which the eyelids swell, resulting in temporary blindness. According to the Medical Management of Chemical Casualties handbook, there have been experimental cases in humans where the patient has suffered miosis, or pinpointing of pupils, as a result of the cholinomimetic activity of mustard.[citation needed] At very high concentrations, if inhaled, mustard agent causes bleeding and blistering within the respiratory system, damaging mucous membranes and causing pulmonary edema. Depending on the level of contamination, mustard gas burns can vary between first and second degree burns, though they can also be every bit as severe, disfiguring and dangerous as third degree burns. Severe mustard gas burns (i.e. where more than 50% of the victim's skin has been burned) are often fatal, with death occurring after some days or even weeks have passed. Mild or moderate exposure to mustard agent is unlikely to kill, though victims invariably require lengthy periods of medical treatment and convalescence before recovery is complete. The mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of mustard agent mean that victims who recover from mustard gas burns have an increased risk of developing cancer in later life.
After initial decontamination of the victim's wounds is complete, medical treatment is similar to that required by any conventional burn. The amount of pain and discomfort suffered by the victim is comparable as well. Mustard gas burns heal slowly and, as with other types of burn, there is a risk of sepsis caused by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
A British nurse treating soldiers with mustard gas burns during World War I commented: They cannot be bandaged or touched. We cover them with a tent of propped-up sheets. Gas burns must be agonizing because usually the other cases do not complain even with the worst wounds but gas cases are invariably beyond endurance and they cannot help crying out. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur_mustard
SH - Saddam Hussein Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was the President of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. A leading member of the revolutionary Ba'ath Party, which espoused secular pan-Arabism, economic modernization, and Arab socialism. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saddam_Hussein
Al-Anfal Campaign The al-Anfal Campaign, also known as Operation Anfal or simply Anfal, was a genocidal campaign against the Kurdish people in Iraqi Kurdistan led by the Iraqi regime of Saddam Hussein and headed by Ali Hassan al-Majid. The campaign takes its name from Surat al-Anfal in the Qur'an, which was used as a code name by the former Iraqi Baathist regime for a series of attacks against the peshmerga rebels and the mostly Kurdish civilian population of rural Northern Iraq, conducted between 1986 and 1989 culminating in 1988. This campaign also targeted Shabaks and Yazidis (both ethnically Kurdish), Assyrian and Turkoman people, and many villages belonging to these ethnic groups were also destroyed.
Thousands of civilians were killed during the anti-insurgent campaigns stretching from the spring of 1987 through the fall of 1988. The attacks were part of a long-standing campaign that destroyed almost every Kurdish village in areas of northern Iraq where pro-Iranian insurgents were based and displaced at least a million of the country's estimated 3.5 million Kurdish population. Independent sources estimate 100,000 to more than 150,000 deaths and as many as 100,000 widows and an even greater number of orphans. Amnesty International collected the names of more than 17,000 people who had "disappeared" during 1988. The campaign has been characterized as genocidal in nature. It is also characterized as gendercidal, because "battle-age" men were the primary targets, according to Human Rights Watch/Middle East. According to the Iraqi prosecutors, as many as 180,000 people were killed. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Anfal_Campaign
Halabja Poison Gas Attack The Halabja poison gas attack was a genocide massacre that took place on March 16, 1988, during the closing days of the Iran-Iraq War, when chemical weapons were used by the Iraqi government forces in the Kurdish town of Halabja in Iraqi Kurdistan.
The attack quickly killed thousands of people (around 5,000 dead) and injured around 11,000, most of them civilians; thousands more died of complications, diseases, and birth defects in the years after the attack. The incident, which has been officially defined as an act of genocide against the Kurdish people in Iraq, is the largest chemical weapons attack directed against a civilian-populated area in history.
The Halabja genocide was conducted against the Kurdish people by the Iraqi regime under Saddam Hussein. The Iraqi High Criminal Court recognized the Halabja massacre as genocide on March 1, 2010, in a decision welcomed by the Kurdistan Regional Government. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halabja_poison_gas_attack
How Reagan Armed Saddam with Chemical Weapons
By Norm Dixon
On August 18, 2002, the New York Times carried a front-page story headlined, "Officers say U.S. aided Iraq despite the use of gas". Quoting anonymous US "senior military officers", the NYT "revealed" that in the 1980s, the administration of US President Ronald Reagan covertly provided "critical battle planning assistance at a time when American intelligence knew that Iraqi commanders would employ chemical weapons in waging the decisive battles of the Iran-Iraq war". The story made a brief splash in the international media, then died.
While the August 18 NYT article added new details about the extent of US military collaboration with Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein during Iraq's 1980-88 war with Iran, it omitted the most outrageous aspect of the scandal: not only did Ronald Reagan's Washington turn a blind-eye to the Hussein regime's repeated use of chemical weapons against Iranian soldiers and Iraq's Kurdish minority, but the US helped Iraq develop its chemical, biological and nuclear weapons programs.
Nor did the NYT dwell on the extreme cynicism and hypocrisy of President George Bush II's administration's citing of those same terrible atrocities--which were disregarded at the time by Washington--and those same weapons programs--which no longer exist, having been dismantled and destroyed in the decade following the 1991 Gulf War--to justify a massive new war against the people of Iraq.
A reader of the NYT article (or the tens of thousands of other articles written after the war drive against Iraq began in earnest soon after September 11, 2001) would have looked in vain for the fact that many of the US politicians and ruling class pundits who demanded war against Hussein--in particular, the one of the most bellicose of the Bush administration's "hawks", defence secretary Donald Rumsfeld--were up to their ears in Washington's efforts to cultivate, promote and excuse Hussein in the past. READ MORE:http://www.counterpunch.org/dixon06172004.html
Shaking Hands with Saddam Hussein:The U.S. Tilts toward Iraq, 1980-1984 National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 82
Edited by Joyce Battle February 25, 2003 http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB82/
KSNS
KS - Kyrgyzstan (international vehicle registration) Kyrgyzstan Kazakhstan inherited one known chemical weapons production plant in the city of Pavlodar. This plant probably was designed to replace aging plants in Volgograd and Novocheboksarsk (Russia) for the production of the binary agent "novichok." The plant's construction was halted in 1987, after the Soviet Union became involved in CWC-related negotiations, so it never produced any chemical warfare agents. Kazakhstan joined the Chemical Weapons Convention in March 2000. However, Kazakhstan submitted a nil declaration, leaving out the Pavlodar facility. Which means it could still be used to manufacture chemical weapons. http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/mil_wmd_che-military-wmd-chemical
SN - Serum Neutralization Serum Neutralization
The rendering ineffective of an action or substance; chemistry
Europe: Czech Scientists Hail Discovery To Neutralize Mustard Gas
By Tereza Nemcova
5 August 2005 (RFE/RL) -- Czech scientists are touting what they describe as a significant biochemical breakthrough with the development of an environmentally friendly enzyme-based technology that eliminates the lethal effects of mustard gas. While such banned substances have figured primarily in traditional conflicts since their inception, the global threat of extremist-fueled terrorism arguably makes the findings especially timely.
The results could help neutralize mustard gas -- also known as Yperite after the Belgian town where it was first used in World War I -- in battlefield situations, but could also prove vital if the agent were ever used in a terrorist attack. Scientists from the Protein Engineering Group of the Science Faculty at Masaryk University in Brno along with the Czech Military Technical Institute of Protection -- working on an assignment from NATO -- announced their results following laboratory testing nearly two years after they began research on the project in the fall of 2003.
The primary incentives for creating a decontaminating agent for mustard gas are to defend against any possible terrorist attack and to help dispense of aging stockpiles and quantities of the deadly gas that have been dumped into the environment. Czech scientists said mustard gas's active life is up to 100 years when it is stored in an airproof container. "The enzyme [employed through our method] reacts within minutes, is able to split several molecules of mustard gas per second, and its decontaminating effect is expected to last for hours at an average temperature of 30 degrees Celsius," Dr. Jiri Damborsky of Masaryk University, who worked on the project along with two other scientists and a biochemistry student, told RFE/RL. "It has a longevity period of one year when stored at 4 degrees Centigrade." http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2005/08/mil-050805-rferl03.htm
Chemical Neutralization Is Gaining in War on Poison Gas
By JAMES BROOKE Published: February 7, 1997
DENVER, Feb. 5— When President Clinton challenged Congress on Tuesday to ''at last begin to outlaw poison gas from this earth,'' viewers of the State of the Union address may have envisioned conveyor belts feeding nerve gas rockets into furnaces.
But in the brewing fight over lucrative contracts to destroy the world's chemical weapons, chemical neutralization is moving to the front over incineration. With or without the Senate's ratification of the Chemical Weapons Convention, the destruction of chemical weapons is likely to become a multibillion-dollar business around the world. Even if the Senate does not ratify the treaty, the United States, Russia and China are moving to destroy their aging stocks of chemical weapons. The public's fear that poison might escape from incinerator smokestacks has pushed politicians in the direction of using chemical baths to neutralize the nerve agents.
In Utah, malfunctions at a $650 million prototype incinerator have forced the Army to close the plant six times in the six months since it opened at the Deseret Chemical Depot, which holds 42 percent of the nation's stockpile of chemical arms. In Russia this month, American technicians for the Morrison Knudsen Corporation started surveying a site for a $600 million chemical neutralization plant that, beginning in the year 2001, is to destroy half of Russia's 40,000-ton stockpile of chemical weapons.
READ MORE:http://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/07/us/chemical-neutralization-is-gaining-in-war-on-poison-gas.html?pagewanted=all
Poison gas dumped in Baltic Sea
Wednesday, March 18, 1992 - 10:00
Copenhagen — German authorities, sifting through millions of records in Stasi (security police) archives, have uncovered evidence that East Germany in the past dumped massive amounts of poisonous gases in the Baltic Sea.
READ MORE:http://www.greenleft.org.au/node/2002
Old Mustard Gas Canisters May Have Sickened Fishermen
By John Del Signore in News on June 8, 2010 11:01 AM
Two Connecticut fishermen were sickened Sunday after they discovered about ten old military canisters while dredging for clams about 45 miles south of Long Island. As they were throwing the canisters back into the ocean, one of them broke open and exposed a fisherman named Costa, who developed blistering on his arm and leg several hours later. New Bedford fisherman Kevin O'Sullivan told WBZ-TV in Boston the canisters had the date "1914" or "1918" on it, and there's speculation that they may be WWI-era mustard gas.
Captain Kieran Kelly of the E.S.S. Pursuit returned to New Bedford around 4 a.m. Monday so Costa could get medical attention; he was later transferred to Massachusetts General Hospital for further treatment after his condition worsened, the AP reports. The Pursuit went back out to sea, but returned around 9:30 a.m. when a second crew member reported feeling lightheaded. Captain Kelly took her out a third time, but after learning of the incident, the Coast Guard issued a rare "captain of the port order," which commanded the boat to return to port.
The Pursuit is currently anchored south of New Bedford under quarantine. "There's a 500-foot radius around that ship that no one can go to, except us," Captain Kevin Morris of the Marine Strike Team tells CBS2. Captain Kelly has refused to leave the Pursuit during the investigation, even though he says, "My eyes are quite sore; I wash my eyes every few minutes. There's burning on my face, cheeks and hand." Coast Guard spokesman Jeff Hall said earlier that the canisters may have contained mustard gas, but when pressed declined to confirm that speculation. The second fisherman was treated and released.
It's not unheard of for New Bedford fishing ships off of Block Island Sound to drag up military hardware. In Joseph Mitchell's Up in the Old Hotel, the author describes multiple instances of mussel draggers catching aerial depth bombs that became stuck in the mud after being dropped by Army and Navy aircraft during WWII. (They were dropped during the war targeting German submarines.) According to Mitchell, the bombs were dragged up for years after the war, and several fishermen were killed after a bomb brought up in their net exploded. http://gothamist.com/2010/06/08/old_mustard_gas_canisters_may_have.php
Yeah, let's forget about those millions for 16 years... More BS, but what's the story behind it? Or is TMZ just keeping Mike in the news?
TMZ has been keeping MJ in the news for 12 months now. Let's see how this continues on from here. IMHO! MJ will be in the news until he tells TMZ that's it's a wrap! Keep the Faith!
Donald Rumsfeld is one of the most worrisome types high levels of George w. Bush terror network. It is the Secretary of war (in the official language, former Secretary of Defense) and pseudonyms such as "Rummy", "Dr. Nuclear bomb" and "Darth Vader". Rumsfeld has gained fame for his Jubilee during the bombing of Afghanistan. In a press conference in the Pentagon asked if still remaining United States white to bomb in Afghanistan; Rumsfeld answered with sarcasm: "First, we are going to attack them again." "Secondly, we still have white to bomb, but Afghanistan not". According to newspaper reports, these comments "were received with great laughter". It is known almost fanatical fascination that has Rumsfeld about weapons of mass destruction, so much that Henry "Maquiavelo" Kissinger - terrorist high range for many years and responsible for the death of millions of people in Southeast Asia – so called "despot". In few words, behind its appearance cheerful and jovial, beats the killer heart a dangerous master of terror.
Comments
I'm so afraid you're right <!-- s
There's only one and one only who now can enlighten and convince me and that's Michael himself. I'm sorry Michael, I hope that my suspiciousness does not offend you. It's my way not to go crazy over this!
MJ was Exploited all during his life
MJ is being Exploited by Media even in death
MJ was constantly Exploited by his Own Family while he was alive.
MJ is being Exploited by his own Family in death.
The sad truth is No one was going to let MJ "Retire". Not his family, and not the Music Business. The only way he could ever get any to rest was to die <!-- s:( -->:(<!-- s:( -->
huggs n faith to all..
suzz
Interesting possibility...
"For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places."The DOTS in this article are about Chemical weapons.
The Article Publishing Date:
Jun 28th 2010 12:20 PM
6 - 2 - 8 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 2 - 2
2, 6, 8, 11, 222
6 + 2 + 8 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 = 24
2 + 4 = 6 - Represent imperfection, sin, Evil, according to the Bible. The number of the test, the work and the servitude. Number of the "man-animal"; still having his passions and unaware of his divinity. Considered a perfect number in mathematics and aslo because of it's associations with Jesus. Number of the indecision and the choice that is required. Sign of the mediation between the principle and its manifestation.
http://www.ridingthebeast.com/numbers/nu6.php
KJMHSH
KJ - The Keio Journal of Medicine
The Keio Journal of Medicine
The Journal is published by School of Medicine, Keio University (Japan) and is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of the fundamental knowledge of medical science in a form accessible to colleagues who share common interests. The content consists of the contributions made by the members and alumni of School of Medicine, Keio University, and by invitation of the Editorial Board.
http://www.kjm.keio.ac.jp/page/about.html
Poison Gas: the Story Japan Would Like to Forget - Oct 1988 - Google Books Result
But he was forced to work in the mustard gas production section and ..... In 1983 a research group from Keio University obtained a two- volume report on the ...
http://books.google.com/books?id=tAYAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA10&lpg=PA10&dq=The+Keio+Journal+of+Medicine+and+mustard+gas&source=bl&ots=7JM-WbyGye&sig=QUyKp91qRFqy7ORyvDiMwnfcFyw&hl=en&ei=qFgqTOGCMsmhnQezpqnWDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CBoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=The%20Keio%20Journal%20of%20Medicine%20and%20mustard%20gas&f=false
Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway
he Sarin attack on the Tokyo subway, usually referred to in the Japanese media as the Subway Sarin Incident, was an act of domestic terrorism perpetrated by members of Aum Shinrikyo on March 20, 1995.
In five coordinated attacks, the perpetrators released sarin on several lines of the Tokyo Metro, killing thirteen people, severely injuring fifty and causing temporary vision problems for nearly a thousand others. The attack was directed against trains passing through Kasumigaseki and Nagatacho, home to the Japanese government. It was and remains the most serious attack to occur in Japan since the end of World War II.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarin_gas_attack_on_the_Tokyo_subway
Sarin
Sarin is a colorless, odorless liquid, which is used as a chemical weapon. It has been classified as a weapon of mass destruction in UN Resolution 687. Production and stockpiling of sarin was outlawed by the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993.
Its mechanism of action resembles that of some commonly used insecticides, such as malathion. In terms of biological activity, it resembles carbamate insecticides such as sevin and medicines pyridostigmine, neostigmine, and physostigmine. Like other nerve agents, sarin attacks the nervous system.
Specifically, sarin is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cholinesterase.[5] Sarin acts on cholinesterase by forming a covalent bond with the particular serine residue at the active site. Fluoride is the leaving group, and the resulting phosphoester is robust but biologically inactive.[6][7] With the enzyme inhibited, acetylcholine builds up in the synapse and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are, in effect, continually transmitted. Normally, the acetylcholinesterase breaks down the acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft in order to allow the effector muscle or organ to relax.
Sarin has a high volatility relative to similar nerve agents. Inhalation and absorption through the skin pose a great threat. Even vapor concentrations immediately penetrate the skin. People who absorb a non-lethal dose but do not receive immediate appropriate medical treatment may suffer permanent neurological damage.
Even at very low concentrations, sarin can be fatal. Death may follow in one minute after direct ingestion of a lethal dose if antidotes, typically atropine and pralidoxime, are not quickly administered. Atropine, an antagonist to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, is given to treat the physiological symptoms of poisoning. Since muscular response to acetylcholine is mediated through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, atropine does not counteract the muscular symptoms. Pralidoxime can regenerate cholinesterases if administered within approximately five hours. Sarin is estimated to be over 500 times more toxic than cyanide.
Initial symptoms following exposure to sarin are a runny nose, tightness in the chest and constriction of the pupils. Soon after, the victim has difficulty breathing and experiences nausea and drooling. As the victim continues to lose control of bodily functions, the victim vomits, defecates and urinates. This phase is followed by twitching and jerking. Ultimately, the victim becomes comatose and suffocates in a series of convulsive spasms.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarin
M -Mechanized
Mechanized
1 : to make mechanical; especially : to make automatic or routine
2 a : to equip with machinery especially to replace human or animal labor b : to equip with armed and armored motor vehicles c : to provide with mechanical power
3 : to produce by or as if by machine
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mechanized
The mechanization of chemical weapons in modern warfare has made them Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). These weapons can be made into time bombs, dropped from aircraft or even unmanned drones
Weapon of Mass Destruction
A weapon of mass destruction (WMD) is a weapon that can kill large numbers of humans (and other life forms) and/or cause great damage to man-made structures (e.g. buildings), natural structures (e.g. mountains), or the biosphere in general. The scope and application of the term has evolved and been disputed, often signifying more politically than technically. Coined in reference to aerial bombing with chemical explosives, it has come to distinguish large-scale weaponry of other technologies, such as chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear. This differentiates the term from more technical ones such as chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons (CBRN).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weapons_of_mass_destruction
H - Sulfur Mustard (blister warfare agent)
Sulfur mustard
The sulfur mustards, of which mustard gas is a member, are a class of related cytotoxic, vesicant chemical warfare agents with the ability to form large blisters on exposed skin. Pure sulfur mustards are colorless, viscous liquids at room temperature. However, when used in impure form, such as warfare agents, they are usually yellow-brown in color and have an odor resembling mustard plants, garlic or horseradish, hence the name. Mustard agents can be deployed on the battlefield via spraying from aircraft, or more typically by means of air-dropped bombs or artillery shells.Mustard gas was first used effectively in World War I by the German army against British soldiers near Ypres in 1917 and later also against the French Second Army.
Since then, mustard gas has also been reportedly used in several wars, often where those it is used against cannot retaliate:
* United Kingdom against the Red Army in 1919
* Spain and France against Rif insurgents in Morocco in 1921–1927
* Italy in Libya in 1930
* Soviet Union in Xinjiang, China against Japan in 1934 and 1936–1937
* Italy against Abyssinia (now Ethiopia) from 1935 to 1940
* Poland against Germany in 1939 during an isolated incident, British product
* Germany against Poland and the Soviet Union in a few incidents during the Second World War
* Japan against China in 1937–1945
* Egypt against North Yemen in 1963–1967
* Iraq against Iran in 1983–1988
* Possibly Sudan against insurgents in the civil war, in 1995 and 1997
Physiological effects
Mustard gas has extremely powerful vesicant effects on its victims. Additionally, it is strongly mutagenic and carcinogenic, due to its alkylating properties. It is also lipophilic. Because people exposed to mustard gas rarely suffer immediate symptoms, and mustard-contaminated areas may appear completely normal, victims can unknowingly receive high dosages. However, within 24 hours of exposure to mustard agent, victims experience intense itching and skin irritation which gradually turns into large blisters filled with yellow fluid wherever the mustard agent contacted the skin. These are chemical burns and they are very debilitating. Mustard gas vapour easily penetrates clothing fabrics such as wool or cotton, so it is not only the exposed skin of victims which gets burned. If the victim's eyes were exposed then they become sore, starting with conjunctivitis, after which the eyelids swell, resulting in temporary blindness. According to the Medical Management of Chemical Casualties handbook, there have been experimental cases in humans where the patient has suffered miosis, or pinpointing of pupils, as a result of the cholinomimetic activity of mustard.[citation needed] At very high concentrations, if inhaled, mustard agent causes bleeding and blistering within the respiratory system, damaging mucous membranes and causing pulmonary edema. Depending on the level of contamination, mustard gas burns can vary between first and second degree burns, though they can also be every bit as severe, disfiguring and dangerous as third degree burns. Severe mustard gas burns (i.e. where more than 50% of the victim's skin has been burned) are often fatal, with death occurring after some days or even weeks have passed. Mild or moderate exposure to mustard agent is unlikely to kill, though victims invariably require lengthy periods of medical treatment and convalescence before recovery is complete. The mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of mustard agent mean that victims who recover from mustard gas burns have an increased risk of developing cancer in later life.
After initial decontamination of the victim's wounds is complete, medical treatment is similar to that required by any conventional burn. The amount of pain and discomfort suffered by the victim is comparable as well. Mustard gas burns heal slowly and, as with other types of burn, there is a risk of sepsis caused by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
A British nurse treating soldiers with mustard gas burns during World War I commented:
They cannot be bandaged or touched. We cover them with a tent of propped-up sheets. Gas burns must be agonizing because usually the other cases do not complain even with the worst wounds but gas cases are invariably beyond endurance and they cannot help crying out.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur_mustard
SH - Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was the President of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. A leading member of the revolutionary Ba'ath Party, which espoused secular pan-Arabism, economic modernization, and Arab socialism.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saddam_Hussein
Al-Anfal Campaign
The al-Anfal Campaign, also known as Operation Anfal or simply Anfal, was a genocidal campaign against the Kurdish people in Iraqi Kurdistan led by the Iraqi regime of Saddam Hussein and headed by Ali Hassan al-Majid. The campaign takes its name from Surat al-Anfal in the Qur'an, which was used as a code name by the former Iraqi Baathist regime for a series of attacks against the peshmerga rebels and the mostly Kurdish civilian population of rural Northern Iraq, conducted between 1986 and 1989 culminating in 1988. This campaign also targeted Shabaks and Yazidis (both ethnically Kurdish), Assyrian and Turkoman people, and many villages belonging to these ethnic groups were also destroyed.
Thousands of civilians were killed during the anti-insurgent campaigns stretching from the spring of 1987 through the fall of 1988. The attacks were part of a long-standing campaign that destroyed almost every Kurdish village in areas of northern Iraq where pro-Iranian insurgents were based and displaced at least a million of the country's estimated 3.5 million Kurdish population. Independent sources estimate 100,000 to more than 150,000 deaths and as many as 100,000 widows and an even greater number of orphans. Amnesty International collected the names of more than 17,000 people who had "disappeared" during 1988. The campaign has been characterized as genocidal in nature. It is also characterized as gendercidal, because "battle-age" men were the primary targets, according to Human Rights Watch/Middle East. According to the Iraqi prosecutors, as many as 180,000 people were killed.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Anfal_Campaign
Halabja Poison Gas Attack
The Halabja poison gas attack was a genocide massacre that took place on March 16, 1988, during the closing days of the Iran-Iraq War, when chemical weapons were used by the Iraqi government forces in the Kurdish town of Halabja in Iraqi Kurdistan.
The attack quickly killed thousands of people (around 5,000 dead) and injured around 11,000, most of them civilians; thousands more died of complications, diseases, and birth defects in the years after the attack. The incident, which has been officially defined as an act of genocide against the Kurdish people in Iraq, is the largest chemical weapons attack directed against a civilian-populated area in history.
The Halabja genocide was conducted against the Kurdish people by the Iraqi regime under Saddam Hussein. The Iraqi High Criminal Court recognized the Halabja massacre as genocide on March 1, 2010, in a decision welcomed by the Kurdistan Regional Government.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halabja_poison_gas_attack
How Reagan Armed Saddam with Chemical Weapons
By Norm Dixon
On August 18, 2002, the New York Times carried a front-page story headlined, "Officers say U.S. aided Iraq despite the use of gas". Quoting anonymous US "senior military officers", the NYT "revealed" that in the 1980s, the administration of US President Ronald Reagan covertly provided "critical battle planning assistance at a time when American intelligence knew that Iraqi commanders would employ chemical weapons in waging the decisive battles of the Iran-Iraq war". The story made a brief splash in the international media, then died.
While the August 18 NYT article added new details about the extent of US military collaboration with Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein during Iraq's 1980-88 war with Iran, it omitted the most outrageous aspect of the scandal: not only did Ronald Reagan's Washington turn a blind-eye to the Hussein regime's repeated use of chemical weapons against Iranian soldiers and Iraq's Kurdish minority, but the US helped Iraq develop its chemical, biological and nuclear weapons programs.
Nor did the NYT dwell on the extreme cynicism and hypocrisy of President George Bush II's administration's citing of those same terrible atrocities--which were disregarded at the time by Washington--and those same weapons programs--which no longer exist, having been dismantled and destroyed in the decade following the 1991 Gulf War--to justify a massive new war against the people of Iraq.
A reader of the NYT article (or the tens of thousands of other articles written after the war drive against Iraq began in earnest soon after September 11, 2001) would have looked in vain for the fact that many of the US politicians and ruling class pundits who demanded war against Hussein--in particular, the one of the most bellicose of the Bush administration's "hawks", defence secretary Donald Rumsfeld--were up to their ears in Washington's efforts to cultivate, promote and excuse Hussein in the past.
READ MORE: http://www.counterpunch.org/dixon06172004.html
Shaking Hands with Saddam Hussein:The U.S. Tilts toward Iraq, 1980-1984
National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 82
Edited by Joyce Battle February 25, 2003
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB82/
KSNS
KS - Kyrgyzstan (international vehicle registration)
Kyrgyzstan
Kazakhstan inherited one known chemical weapons production plant in the city of Pavlodar. This plant probably was designed to replace aging plants in Volgograd and Novocheboksarsk (Russia) for the production of the binary agent "novichok." The plant's construction was halted in 1987, after the Soviet Union became involved in CWC-related negotiations, so it never produced any chemical warfare agents. Kazakhstan joined the Chemical Weapons Convention in March 2000. However, Kazakhstan submitted a nil declaration, leaving out the Pavlodar facility.
Which means it could still be used to manufacture chemical weapons.
http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/mil_wmd_che-military-wmd-chemical
The Pavlodar Chemical Weapons Plant in Kazakhstan: History and Legacy
by Gulbarshyn Bozheyeva
http://cns.miis.edu/npr/pdfs/72bozh.pdf
SN - Serum Neutralization
Serum Neutralization
The rendering ineffective of an action or substance; chemistry
Europe: Czech Scientists Hail Discovery To Neutralize Mustard Gas
By Tereza Nemcova
5 August 2005 (RFE/RL) -- Czech scientists are touting what they describe as a significant biochemical breakthrough with the development of an environmentally friendly enzyme-based technology that eliminates the lethal effects of mustard gas. While such banned substances have figured primarily in traditional conflicts since their inception, the global threat of extremist-fueled terrorism arguably makes the findings especially timely.
The results could help neutralize mustard gas -- also known as Yperite after the Belgian town where it was first used in World War I -- in battlefield situations, but could also prove vital if the agent were ever used in a terrorist attack. Scientists from the Protein Engineering Group of the Science Faculty at Masaryk University in Brno along with the Czech Military Technical Institute of Protection -- working on an assignment from NATO -- announced their results following laboratory testing nearly two years after they began research on the project in the fall of 2003.
The primary incentives for creating a decontaminating agent for mustard gas are to defend against any possible terrorist attack and to help dispense of aging stockpiles and quantities of the deadly gas that have been dumped into the environment. Czech scientists said mustard gas's active life is up to 100 years when it is stored in an airproof container. "The enzyme [employed through our method] reacts within minutes, is able to split several molecules of mustard gas per second, and its decontaminating effect is expected to last for hours at an average temperature of 30 degrees Celsius," Dr. Jiri Damborsky of Masaryk University, who worked on the project along with two other scientists and a biochemistry student, told RFE/RL. "It has a longevity period of one year when stored at 4 degrees Centigrade."
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2005/08/mil-050805-rferl03.htm
Chemical Neutralization Is Gaining in War on Poison Gas
By JAMES BROOKE Published: February 7, 1997
DENVER, Feb. 5— When President Clinton challenged Congress on Tuesday to ''at last begin to outlaw poison gas from this earth,'' viewers of the State of the Union address may have envisioned conveyor belts feeding nerve gas rockets into furnaces.
But in the brewing fight over lucrative contracts to destroy the world's chemical weapons, chemical neutralization is moving to the front over incineration. With or without the Senate's ratification of the Chemical Weapons Convention, the destruction of chemical weapons is likely to become a multibillion-dollar business around the world. Even if the Senate does not ratify the treaty, the United States, Russia and China are moving to destroy their aging stocks of chemical weapons. The public's fear that poison might escape from incinerator smokestacks has pushed politicians in the direction of using chemical baths to neutralize the nerve agents.
In Utah, malfunctions at a $650 million prototype incinerator have forced the Army to close the plant six times in the six months since it opened at the Deseret Chemical Depot, which holds 42 percent of the nation's stockpile of chemical arms. In Russia this month, American technicians for the Morrison Knudsen Corporation started surveying a site for a $600 million chemical neutralization plant that, beginning in the year 2001, is to destroy half of Russia's 40,000-ton stockpile of chemical weapons.
READ MORE:http://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/07/us/chemical-neutralization-is-gaining-in-war-on-poison-gas.html?pagewanted=all
Poison gas dumped in Baltic Sea
Wednesday, March 18, 1992 - 10:00
Copenhagen — German authorities, sifting through millions of records in Stasi (security police) archives, have uncovered evidence that East Germany in the past dumped massive amounts of poisonous gases in the Baltic Sea.
READ MORE:http://www.greenleft.org.au/node/2002
Old Mustard Gas Canisters May Have Sickened Fishermen
By John Del Signore in News on June 8, 2010 11:01 AM
Two Connecticut fishermen were sickened Sunday after they discovered about ten old military canisters while dredging for clams about 45 miles south of Long Island. As they were throwing the canisters back into the ocean, one of them broke open and exposed a fisherman named Costa, who developed blistering on his arm and leg several hours later. New Bedford fisherman Kevin O'Sullivan told WBZ-TV in Boston the canisters had the date "1914" or "1918" on it, and there's speculation that they may be WWI-era mustard gas.
Captain Kieran Kelly of the E.S.S. Pursuit returned to New Bedford around 4 a.m. Monday so Costa could get medical attention; he was later transferred to Massachusetts General Hospital for further treatment after his condition worsened, the AP reports. The Pursuit went back out to sea, but returned around 9:30 a.m. when a second crew member reported feeling lightheaded. Captain Kelly took her out a third time, but after learning of the incident, the Coast Guard issued a rare "captain of the port order," which commanded the boat to return to port.
The Pursuit is currently anchored south of New Bedford under quarantine. "There's a 500-foot radius around that ship that no one can go to, except us," Captain Kevin Morris of the Marine Strike Team tells CBS2. Captain Kelly has refused to leave the Pursuit during the investigation, even though he says, "My eyes are quite sore; I wash my eyes every few minutes. There's burning on my face, cheeks and hand." Coast Guard spokesman Jeff Hall said earlier that the canisters may have contained mustard gas, but when pressed declined to confirm that speculation. The second fisherman was treated and released.
It's not unheard of for New Bedford fishing ships off of Block Island Sound to drag up military hardware. In Joseph Mitchell's Up in the Old Hotel, the author describes multiple instances of mussel draggers catching aerial depth bombs that became stuck in the mud after being dropped by Army and Navy aircraft during WWII. (They were dropped during the war targeting German submarines.) According to Mitchell, the bombs were dragged up for years after the war, and several fishermen were killed after a bomb brought up in their net exploded.
http://gothamist.com/2010/06/08/old_mustard_gas_canisters_may_have.php